### Understanding Enzymes: Structure and Function

Enzymes are not just proteins; they are precisely folded molecules that achieve their catalytic abilities through their unique three-dimensional structures. Each enzyme is designed to fit perfectly with a particular substrate, which allows it to catalyze specific reactions effectively. This specificity is often referred to as the "lock and key" model, where the enzyme (the lock) and the substrate (the key) must perfectly match to trigger a reaction.

The activity of enzymes is influenced by several factors, including substrate concentration, temperature, and pH. Their performance peaks under optimal conditions, and deviations can lead to decreased efficiency or denaturation of the enzyme. For instance, human enzymes typically perform best at body temperature (around 37°C) and at specific pH levels that vary from one part of the body to another.

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Enzymes are indispensable biological catalysts that play a critical role in facilitating various biochemical reactions essential to life. Found in every cell, they are predominantly proteins, although some consist of RNA molecules. Enzymes work by speeding up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process, thus allowing a single enzyme molecule to be used repeatedly.